Novas perspectivas no diagnóstico e tratamento da acropostite-fimose em touros / New perspectives in the diagnosis and treatment of acropostitis-phimosis of bulls

A acropostite-fimose é um processo inflamatório da extremidade do prepúcio, diagnosticada com frequência em touros. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o exame ultrassonográfico na definição da viabilidade do folheto prepucial interno (FPI) e na evolução clínica do pós-operatório, após o emprego de fios de categute ou poliglactina na hemostasia e de algodão ou poliglactina na confecção de sutura padrão Donatti empregada para fixar o FPI à pele prepucial no transoperatório da acropostite-fimose em touros. A sutura utilizada foi captonada ou não captonada, e os animais submetidos ao procedimento cirúrgico apresentavam no mínimo dois terços do FPI viável. Os touros foram alocados, aleatoriamente, em quatro grupos contendo nove animais cada, de acordo com o fio empregado na hemostasia e na confecção da sutura padrão Donatti. O exame ultrassonográfico mostrou-se importante na indicação ou não do tratamento cirúrgico da acropostite-fimose e possibilitou localizar lesões, mensurar a área de reação tecidual e identificar lesões profundas e pontos de estreitamento do FPI. Os animais de GII apresentaram edema mais discreto, observando-se diferença significativa (P<0,05) entre GII e os grupos GI, GIII e GIV. A ocorrência de hiperemia no sétimo dia de pós-operatório também foi menor nos touros do grupo GII, ocorrendo diferença significativa (P<0,05) entre GII e os grupos GI e GIII. A sutura empregando o dispositivo de látex (cápton) e o emprego do fio de poliglactina apresentaram-se como medidas benéficas, resultando em menor número de complicações pós-operatórias.(AU)

Acropostitis-Phimosis is an inflammatory process of the extremity of the prepuce, frequently diagnosed in bulls. The present study aimed to evaluate ultrassound exams in the definition of viability of the internal layer of prepuce and the postoperative clinical evolution. This evaluation is after the employment of catgut or poliglactin threads in homeostasis, and cloth or polyglactin threads in confection of the standard suture, Donatti, used to fix the internal layer of prepuce to the preputial in the postoperative of acropostitis-phimosis in bulls. The suture was captonated and non-captonated and the animals conducted to the surgical procedure showed at least 2/3 of viability of the internal layer of prepuce. The bulls were randomly allocated in four groups, each one containing nine animals, according to the thread used in homeostasis and confection of the Donatti standard suture. Ultrassound was shown to be important in the indication or not of the surgical treatment of acropostitis-phimosis and allowed the identification of lesions, measurement of areas of tissue reaction and locate deep lesions and narrowing points of internal layer of prepuce. The employment of latex device (capton) in suture and the employment of polyglactin thread 910 were shown as beneficial measures, resulting in a lower number of postoperative complications.(AU)

Structural analysis of the phimotic prepuce in patients with failed topical treatment compared with untreated phimosis

To evaluate histological alterations in prepuce of patients with phimosis submitted to topic treatment with betamethasone in association with hyaluronidase.

We studied sixty patients (mean age 4.5), presenting true phimosis and treated with a topical treatment with betamethasone cream (0.2%) + hyaluronidase. The parents of seven of these patients opted for circumcision (control group). The other fifty-three patients were submitted to clinical treatment. The samples were stained with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin (analysis of the elastic fibers) and Picro-Sirius Red, for analysis of the collagen. The volumetric density of the elastic fibers was determined by stereological methods.

Only eight (15%) of the fifty-three patients submitted to topical treatment presented failure, being indicated for circumcision (histological analysis). We observed an increase of the collagen type III of the patients submitted to topical treatment. The quantification showed a reduction of the volumetric density of the prepuce's elastic fibers of the patients submitted to the cream treatment, when compared to the control group (p = 0.056). The volumetric density of the elastic fibers of the prepuce at the group not submitted to topical treatment showed an average of 14.60% (11.06 to 21.64%); in the group submitted to the cream treatment, the volumetric density of the elastic fibers of the prepuce showed an average of 10.34% (3.45 to 17.9%).

The topical treatment of phimosis with betamethasone 0.2% + hyaluronidase had a success rate of 85%. Patients with failure of the topical treatment with steroid had histological alterations in the prepuce. .

Structural alterations of foreskin caused by chronic smoking may explain high levels of urethral reconstruction failure using foreskin flaps

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to perform a stereological and biochemical analysis of the foreskin of smoker subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Foreskin samples were obtained from 20 young adults (mean = 27.2 years old) submitted to circumcision. Of the patients analyzed, one group (n = 10) had previous history of chronic smoking (a half pack to 3 packs per day for 3 to 13 years (mean = 5.8 ± 3.2). The control group included 10 nonsmoking patients. Masson's trichrome stain was used to quantify the foreskin vascular density. Weigert’s resorcin-fucsin stain was used to assess the elastic system fibers and Picrosirius red stain was applied to study the collagen. Stereological analysis was performed using the Image J software to determine the volumetric densities. For biochemical analysis, the total collagen was determined as µg of hydroxyproline per mg of dry tissue. Means were compared using the unpaired t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Elastic system fibers of smokers was 42.5% higher than in the control group (p = 0.002). In contrast, smooth muscle fibers (p = 0.42) and vascular density (p = 0.16) did not show any significant variation. Qualitative analysis using Picrosirius red stain with polarized light evidenced the presence of type I and III collagen in the foreskin tissue, without significant difference between the groups. Total collagen concentration also did not differ significantly between smokers and non-smokers (73.1µg/mg ± 8.0 vs. 69.2µg/mg ± 5.9, respectively, p = 0.23). CONCLUSIONS: The foreskin tissue of smoking patients had a significant increase of elastic system fibers. Elastic fibers play an important role in this tissue’s turnover and this high concentration in smokers possibly causes high extensibility of the foreskin. The structural alterations in smokers’ foreskins could possibly explain the poor results in smoking patients submitted to foreskin fasciocutaneous flaps in urethral reconstruction surgery.

Parâmetros genéticos de escore visual do umbigo em bovinos da raça Nelore / Genetics parameters for navel visual score in Nellore cattle

Foram utilizados 128.700, 44.227, 90.383, 47.506, 42.619, 45.057, 17.666 e 27.181 dados, respectivamente, de peso à desmama (PD), peso ao sobreano (PS), escore de umbigo à desmama (UD), escore de umbigo à desmama de macho (UDM), escore de umbigo à desmama de fêmea (UDF), escore de umbigo ao sobreano (US), escore de umbigo ao sobreano de macho (USM) e escore de umbigo ao sobreano de fêmea (USF) com o objetivo de estimar parâmetros genéticos de escore visual do umbigo e as respectivas correlações genéticas com as características de crescimento - peso à desmama e peso ao sobreano -, em bovinos da raça Nelore, aplicando-se um modelo animal em análises uni e bicaracterísticas. As estimativas de herdabilidade (h²) para as características UD, UDM, UDF, US, USM, USF, PD e PS foram de 0,14±0,01; 0,18±0,02; 0,15±0,01; 0,26±0,01; 0,32±0,03; 0,27±0,02, 0,29±0,01 e 0,27±0,02, respectivamente, em análises unicaracterísticas. Em análises bicaracterísticas, as estimativas de h² para UD, US, PD e PS foram de 0,15, 0,27, 0,29 e 0,45, respectivamente. As correlações genéticas estimadas entre UDM e UDF, entre USM e USF e entre UD e US foram positivas e altas, as correlações genéticas entre escore do umbigo e características de crescimento foram todas positivas e de magnitudes de baixa a moderada.

Records of 128,700, 44,227, 90,383; 47,506; 42,619; 45,057; 17,666 and 27,181 animals were analyzed, for weight at weaning (WW), yearling weight (YW), navel score at weaning (NW), male navel score at weaning (MNW), female navel score at weaning (FNW), navel score at yearling (NY), male navel score at yearling (MNY) and female navel score at yearling (FNY), respectively, to estimate genetic parameters of navel visual scores and growth traits in Nelore cattle, using uni and bi-traits analysis. Heritability estimates obtained by uni-traits analysis for NW, MNW, FNW, NY, MNY, FNY, WW and YW traits were 0.14±0.01; 0.18±0.02; 0.15±0,01; 0.26±0,01; 0.32±0.03; 0.27±0.02; 0.29±0.01 and 0.27±0.02, respectively. Heritability estimates obtained by bi-traits analysis of NW, NY, WW and YW were 0.15; 0.27; 0.29 and 0.45. Genetic correlations between MNW and FNW, between MNY and FNY and between NW and NY, were positive and high, suggesting that these traits were determined by the same genes. Genetic correlation between navel score and growth traits were all positive and of low to moderate magnitude.